Item performance across native language groups on the Iranian National University Entrance English Exam: a nationwide study

Language Testing in Asia

Table 6 Results of uniform DIF analysis of items (IUUESEE 2017)

Item	Class A	DIF	DIF SE	Class B	DIF	DIF SE	DIF Contrast	Welch t	df	p
3	Azeri	0.13	0.08	Persian	−0.30	0.08	0.43	3.93	INF	0.0001
5	Azeri	−0.09	0.10	Kurdish	0.48	0.17	−0.57	−2.87	332	0.0044
8	Azeri	0.74	0.10	Luri	0.25	0.21	0.50	2.18	177	0.0308
12	Azeri	0.85	0.13	Luri	0.19	0.22	0.66	2.56	173	0.0112
14	Azeri	−1.33	0.10	Luri	−0.90	0.18	−0.43	−2.09	242	0.0373
15	Azeri	−0.39	0.14	Kurdish	−1.03	0.22	0.64	2.46	204	0.0146
16	Azeri	0.62	0.14	Luri	−0.11	0.27	0.73	2.42	105	0.0172
24	Azeri	1.72	0.16	Kurdish	1.15	0.21	0.57	2.18	351	0.0296
24	Azeri	1.72	0.16	Luri	0.72	0.26	1.00	3.30	164	0.0012
25	Azeri	1.53	0.18	Luri	0.82	0.30	0.71	2.05	142	0.0423
30	Azeri	0.32	0.12	Luri	−0.40	0.23	0.72	2.82	142	0.0055
33	Azeri	−1.45	0.10	Luri	−0.92	0.19	−0.53	−2.52	224	0.0125
35	Azeri	−0.55	0.09	Luri	0.09	0.19	−0.64	−2.99	190	0.0032
39	Azeri	0.64	0.11	Kurdish	1.20	0.18	−0.56	−2.62	369	0.0091
43	Azeri	0.06	0.09	Persian	0.53	0.09	−0.47	−3.57	INF	0.0004
53	Azeri	−0.01	0.11	Kurdish	−0.47	0.17	0.46	2.27	328	0.0239
56	Azeri	2.07	0.16	Luri	1.37	0.29	0.71	2.15	158	0.0331
65	Azeri	1.02	0.15	Kurdish	0.42	0.21	0.60	2.35	234	0.0198
65	Azeri	1.02	0.15	Luri	0.24	0.30	0.78	2.31	83	0.0236
66	Azeri	−0.25	0.16	Luri	0.41	0.34	−0.66	−1.73	70	0.0876
70	Azeri	0.13	0.16	Persian	−0.33	0.15	0.46	2.12	426	0.0342