Language Testing in Asia

Table 1 Descriptive statistics (speaking pretest of both groups)

From: Cultivating EFL learners’ productive skills by employing dynamic and non-dynamic assessments: attitude in focus

Groups	N	Mean	Std. deviation	Std. error mean
Non-DA	27	12.96	2.17	0.41
DA	26	13.23	1.95	0.38

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