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Table 2 Description of Learning Style Orientations (DeCapua and Wintergerst, 2005)

From: Assessing in-class participation for EFL: considerations of effectiveness and fairness for different learning styles

Learning style orientation

Questionnaire item

‘Project Orientation’ (PO)

Q 2 I learn best in class when I can participate in related activities.

Q 3 I understand things better in class when I participate in role playing.

Q 4 I learn more when I can make a model of something.

Q 7 I enjoy learning in class by doing experiments.

Q10 When I build something, I remember what I have learned better.

Q13 When I do things in class, I learn better.

Q15 When someone tells me how to do something in class, I learn better.

Q16 I enjoy making something for a class project.

Q19 When the teacher tells me the instructions, I understand better.

Q20 I learn more when I can make something for a class project.

‘Group Activity Orientation’ (GAO)

Q 1 I enjoy working on an assignment with two or three classmates.

Q 6 I get more work done when I work with others.

Q11 In class, I learn best when I work with others.

Q18 I prefer to study with others.

Q22 I learn more when I study with a group.

‘Individual Activity Orientation’ (IAO)

Q 5 When I study alone, I remember things better.

Q 8 When I work alone, I learn better.

Q 9 I understand better when I read instructions.

Q12 I learn more by reading textbooks than by listening to lectures.

Q14 I prefer to work by myself.

Q17 When I read instructions, I remember them better.

Q23 I learn better by reading than by listening to someone.