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Language Testing in Asia

Table 4 Standardized Parameter Estimates for the TEAP Higher-order Model with the TOEFL iBT Unitary Model (Model 3; Fig. 3)

From: Factor structure of the Test of English for Academic Purposes (TEAP®) test in relation to the TOEFL iBT® test

  TEAP TOEFL TEAP higher-order Error R 2
Item R L W S R L W S    
RITEM1 .696          .119 .485
RITEM2 .442          .121 .195
RITEM3 .247          .139 .061
RITEM4 .795          .062 .631
RITEM5 .582          .100 .339
RITEM6 .246          .149 .060
RITEM7 .651          .119 .424
RITEM8 .778          .086 .605
RITEM9 .343          .122 .118
RITEM10 .618          .102 .382
RITEM11 .245          .132 .060
RITEM12 .836          .076 .700
RITEM13 .406          .116 .165
RITEM14 .724          .079 .525
RITEM15 .789          .106 .623
RITEM16 .713          .081 .509
RITEM17 .485          .113 .236
RITEM18 .960          .052 .921
RITEM19 .445          .134 .198
RITEM20 .759          .083 .576
RITEM21 .242          .124 .058
RITEM22 .597          .121 .356
RITEM23 .122          .162 .015
RITEM24 .669          .102 .447
RITEM25 .273          .125 .075
RITEM26 .527          .114 .277
RITEM27 .460          .128 .211
RITEM28 .580          .113 .336
RITEM29 .159          .136 .025
RITEM30 .254          .154 .064
RITEM31 .608          .134 .369
RITEM32 .586          .114 .344
RITEM33 .413          .128 .170
RITEM34 .812          .068 .659
RITEM35 .511          .115 .261
RITEM36 .282          .129 .079
RITEM37 .644          .098 .414
RITEM38 .500          .116 .250
RITEM39 .650          .098 .422
RITEM40 .391          .113 .153
RITEM41 .463          .107 .214
RITEM42 .331          .146 .110
RITEM43 .525          .113 .275
RITEM44 .120          .131 .014
RITEM45 .436          .142 .190
RITEM46 .605          .103 .365
RITEM47 .671          .087 .450
RITEM48 .495          .106 .245
RITEM49 .354          .121 .126
RITEM50 .346          .116 .120
RITEM51 .427          .115 .183
RITEM52 .649          .094 .421
RITEM53 .430          .135 .185
RITEM54 .682          .086 .465
RITEM55 .612          .093 .375
RITEM56 .639          .088 .409
RITEM57 .375          .122 .140
RITEM58 .673          .098 .453
RITEM59 .706          .088 .498
RITEM60 .519          .112 .269
LITEM1   .812         .099 .659
LITEM2   .787         .106 .620
LITEM3   .806         .126 .650
LITEM4   .430         .123 .185
LITEM5   .587         .119 .344
LITEM6   .596         .094 .355
LITEM7   .771         .070 .594
LITEM8   .438         .113 .192
LITEM9   .674         .088 .454
LITEM10   .277         .147 .076
LITEM11   .702         .093 .493
LITEM12   .598         .101 .358
LITEM13   .692         .085 .479
LITEM14   .557         .109 .311
LITEM15   .752         .119 .565
LITEM16   .560         .113 .314
LITEM17   .805         .071 .648
LITEM18   .306         .130 .094
LITEM19   .235         .131 .055
LITEM20   .452         .115 .205
LITEM21   .880         .060 .774
LITEM22   .324         .122 .105
LITEM23   .335         .116 .112
LITEM24   .296         .121 .088
LITEM25   .419         .107 .175
LITEM26   .469         .132 .220
LITEM27   .374         .128 .140
LITEM28   .158         .131 .025
LITEM29   .538         .127 .290
LITEM30   .427         .117 .182
LITEM31   .698         .098 .487
LITEM32   .661         .085 .437
LITEM33   .385         .122 .149
LITEM34   .470         .108 .221
LITEM35   .230         .127 .053
LITEM36   .532         .099 .283
LITEM37   .524         .103 .274
LITEM38   .357         .125 .128
LITEM39   .280         .138 .079
LITEM40   .402         .118 .162
LITEM41   .457         .109 .209
LITEM42   .307         .121 .094
LITEM43   .623         .094 .388
LITEM44   .780         .069 .609
LITEM45   .834         .077 .695
LITEM46   .715         .095 .511
LITEM47   .504         .107 .254
LITEM48   .445         .111 .198
LITEM49   .505         .103 .255
LITEM50   .093         .133 .009
WITEM1    .426        .076 .182
WITEM2    .790        .053 .625
WITEM3    .745        .060 .555
WITEM4    .772        .050 .596
WITEM5    .737        .055 .544
WITEM6    .735        .062 .540
WITEM7    .901        .041 .812
WITEM8    .832        .039 .692
WITEM9    .787        .053 .619
SITEM1     .724       .076 .525
SITEM2     .938       .048 .880
SITEM3     .911       .047 .831
SITEM4     .794       .062 .631
SITEM5     .810       .066 .656
TOEFL_R      .718      .053 .516
TOEFL_L       .872     .034 .760
TOEFL_W        .856    .033 .733
TOEFL_S         .742   .050 .550
Higher-order factor loadings            
TEAP_R          .901 .028 .812
TEAP_L          .925 .033 .855
TEAP_W          .722 .052 .521
TEAP_S          .693 .062 .480
Interfactor coefficient            
TOEFL iBT          1.005 .021  
  1. Note. Each item is labeled by skill and item number. For example, RITEM1, LITEM1, WITEM1, and SITEM1 refer to Item 1 in the Reading, Listening, Writing, or Speaking Sections, respectively. TOEFL_R, TOEFL_L, TOEFL_W, and TOEFL_S refer to the sum score in the Reading, Listening, Writing, and Speaking Sections, respectively. The paths from the RITEM1, LITEM1, WITEM1, SITEM1, and TOEFL_R are fixed to 1 for identification. Factor loadings for the RITEM3, RITEM11, RITEM21, RITEM23, RITEM29, RITEM30, RITEM44, LITEM10, LITEM19, LITEM28, LITEM35, and LITEM50 are statistically nonsignificant. All other factor loadings are statistically significant
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