Table 1 Vocabulary descriptors in the CEFR

Proficient User

C2

Has a good command of a very broad lexical repertoire including idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms; shows awareness of connotative levels of meaning.

Consistently correct and appropriate use of vocabulary.

C1

Has a good command of a very broad lexical repertoire allowing gaps to be readily overcome with circumlocutions; little obvious searching for expressions or avoidance strategies. Good command of idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms.

Occasional minor slips, but no significant vocabulary errors.

Independent User

B2

Has a good range of vocabulary for matters connected to his/her field and most general topics. Can vary formulation to avoid frequent repetition, but lexical gaps can still cause hesitation and circumlocution.

Lexical accuracy is generally high, though some confusion and incorrect word choice does occur without hindering communication.

B1

Has a sufficient vocabulary to express him/herself with some circumlocutions on most topics pertinent to his/her everyday life such as family, hobbies and interests, work, travel, and current events.

Shows a good control of elementary vocabulary but major errors still occur when expressing more complex thoughts or handling unfamiliar topics and situations.

Basic User

A2

Has sufficient vocabulary to conduct routine, everyday transactions involving familiar situations and topics. Has a sufficient vocabulary for the expression of basic communicative needs. Has a sufficient vocabulary for coping with simple survival needs.

Can control narrow repertoire dealing with concrete everyday needs.

A1

Has a basic vocabulary repertoire of isolated words and phrases related to particular concrete situations.

No descriptor available.