Table 8 Results of post hoc analysis using Tamhane test for multiple comparisons among groups in the TOEFL iBT test
From: A quantitative analysis of TOEFL iBT using an interpretive model of test validity
(I) obs.test.score | (J) obs.test.score | Mean difference (I–J) | Sig. |
|---|---|---|---|
Strongly disagree | Disagree | − 1.39048 | .944 |
Undecided | − 2.97078 | .149 | |
Agree | − 4.51891* | .008 | |
Strongly agree | − 6.68214* | .000 | |
Disagree | Strongly disagree | 1.39048 | .944 |
Undecided | − 1.58030 | .308 | |
Agree | − 3.12843* | .001 | |
Strongly agree | − 5.29167* | .000 | |
Decidedun | Strongly disagree | 2.97078 | .149 |
Disagree | 1.58030 | .308 | |
Agree | − 1.54813 | .185 | |
Strongly agree | − 3.71136* | .001 | |
Agree | Strongly disagree | 4.51891* | .008 |
Disagree | 3.12843* | .001 | |
Decidedun | 1.54813 | .185 | |
Strongly agree | − 2.16324 | .126 | |
Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | 6.68214* | .000 |
Disagree | 5.29167* | .000 | |
Undecided | 3.71136* | .001 | |
Agree | 2.16324 | .126 |