From: Test format effects: a componential approach to second language reading
 | Text W | Text S | |
---|---|---|---|
Genre | Expository | Expository | |
Text structure | Description | Description | |
Title | Lake water | Breathing during sleep | |
Number of words | 737 | 709 | |
Readability | Flesch reading ease score (0–100) | 51.53 | 45.91 |
Flesch-Kincaid grade level (0–12) | 12.18 | 12.04 | |
Coh-Metrix L2 readability | 13.54 | 12.05 | |
Vocabulary complexity | K1+K2 word percentage | 84.05 | 80.40 |
AWL percentage | 7.04 | 8.04 | |
Type and token ratio | 0.41 | 0.40 | |
Syntactic complexity | Left embeddedness, words before main verb, mean | 6.10 | 6.47 |
Mean number of modifiers per noun-phrase | 1.04 | 0.97 | |
 | Sentence syntax similarity, all combinations, across paragraphs, mean | 0.054 | 0.085 |