Language Testing in Asia

Table 6 Pairwise comparisons with a Bonferroni method. p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.1

From: An exploration of students’ voices on the English graduation benchmark policy across Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam

Factor	Region	Significant differences
Factor 1	SOU	UPP > ELE (p = 0.001*), UPP > INT (p = 0.020)
Factor 2	NOR	ELE > UPP (p = 0.000*), INT > UPP (p = 0.000*)
Factor 2	CEN	ELE > UPP (p = 0.000*), INT > UPP (p = 0.000*)
Factor 3	NOR	UPP > ELE (p = 0.094), UPP > INT (p = 0.009**)
Factor 3	SOU	INT > ELE (p = 0.052*), UPP > ELE (p = 0.006)

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