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Table 11 Factors influencing students’ English learning approaches

From: When testing stakes are no longer high: impact on the Chinese College English learners and their learning

 

Estimate

Std. error

Wald

df

Sig.

95% confidence interval

Lower bound

Upper bound

Threshold

Q5 = 1

− 2.344

.501

21.869

1

.000

− 3.326

− 1.361

Q5 = 2

− .644

.479

1.809

1

.179

− 1.582

.294

Q5 = 3

.667

.479

1.941

1

.164

− .271

1.605

Q5 = 4

2.313

.489

22.382

1

.000

1.355

3.271

Location

Gender = 0

− .020

.166

.014

1

.905

− .345

.306

Gender = 1

0a

.

.

0

.

.

.

Major = 1

− .086

.369

.054

1

.816

− .810

.637

Major = 2

.140

.366

.147

1

.702

− .578

.859

Major = 3

0a

.

.

0

.

.

.

Year = 1

− .107

.160

.441

1

.507

− .421

.208

Year = 2

0a

.

.

0

.

.

.

Eng pro = 1

1.792

1.338

1.795

1

.180

− .830

4.414

Eng pro = 2

.757

.545

1.930

1

.165

− .311

1.824

Eng pro = 3

.656

.332

3.913

1

.048

.006

1.306

Eng pro = 4

.315

.345

.835

1

.361

− .360

.990

Eng pro = 5

0a

.

.

0

.

.

.

  1. Note: Eng pro English proficiency. Link function, Logit
  2. aThis parameter is set to zero because it is redundant