Table 11 Effect size by research method
From: A meta-analysis on educational technology in English language teaching
Research method | Model | N | Effect size | Std. deviation | Sig | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-test | Fixed effects | 9 | 0.913 | 0.461 | 0.002 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.726 | 0.589 | 0.012 | Significant | ||
Pre- and post-tests | Fixed effects | 34 | 0.631 | 0.818 | 0.001 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.794 | 0.756 | 0.001 | Significant | ||
Frequency and percentage | Fixed effects | 2 | 0.591 | 0.471 | 0.023 | Significant |
Random effects | 1.08 | 0.708 | 0.000 | Significant | ||
Correlation | Fixed effects | 7 | 3.021 | 0.653 | 0.000 | Significant |
Random effects | 2.86 | 1.053 | 0.000 | Significant | ||
Chi-square | Fixed effects | 2 | 2.63 | 1.084 | 0.000 | Significant |
Random effects | 3.32 | 0.844 | 0.031 | Significant | ||
Regression | Fixed effects | 2 | 1.38 | 0.891 | 0.03 | Significant |
Random effects | 1.26 | 1.124 | 0.000 | Significant | ||
Qualitative | Fixed effects | 3 | 0.961 | 1.132 | 0.002 | Not Significant |
Random effects | 0.015 | 1.093 | 0.11 | Significant | ||
ANOVA | Fixed effects | 1 | 0.91 | 0.937 | 0.004 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.962 | 0.932 | 0.002 | Significant |