Table 9 Effect size by research method
From: A meta-analysis on educational technology in English language teaching
Research method | Model | N | Effect size | Std. deviation | Sig | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quantitative | Fixed effects | 6 | 3.07 | 0.843 | 0.000 | Significant |
Random effects | 2.46 | 1.12 | 0.000 | Significant | ||
Qualitative | Fixed effects | 2 | 0.32 | 1.10 | 0.006 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.36 | 1.15 | 0.002 | Significant | ||
Qualitative and quantitative | Fixed effects | 2 | 0.87 | 1.24 | 0.001 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.87 | 0.881 | 0.001 | Significant | ||
Quasi-experimental | Fixed effects | 22 | 1.095 | 0.912 | 0.036 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.369 | 0.768 | 0.025 | Significant | ||
Experimental | Fixed effects | 12 | 2.37 | 0.808 | 0.009 | Significant |
Random effects | 1.84 | 0.757 | 0.012 | Significant | ||
Descriptive and correlational | Fixed effects | 5 | 0.632 | 0.521 | 0.027 | Significant |
Random effects | 0.956 | 0.652 | 0.065 | Significant | ||
Mixed-methods | Fixed effects | 8 | 1.056 | 1.23 | 0.000 | Significant |
Random effects | 1.861 | 1.05 | 0.000 | Significant | ||
Survey research | Fixed effects | 3 | 1.172 | 1.035 | 0.031 | Significant |
Random effects | 1.210 | 0.146 | 0.039 | Significant |