The comparative effect of group dynamic assessment (GDA) and computerized dynamic assessment (C-DA) on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ speaking complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF)

Language Testing in Asia

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the speaking CAF pretest scores of GDA, C-DA, and NDA

		N	Mean	Std. deviation	Std. error
Speaking accuracy pretest	GDA	30	94.55	18.64	3.40
	C-DA	30	97.56	9.03	1.65
	NDA	30	99.33	5.77	1.05
	Total	90	97.15	12.43	1.31
Speaking fluency pretest	GDA	30	50.16	6.78	1.23
	C-DA	30	51.33	2.42	.44
	NDA	30	50.10	2.85	.52
	Total	90	50.53	4.46	.47
Speaking complexity pretest	GDA	30	35.23	5.07	.92
	C-DA	30	34.90	4.18	.76
	NDA	30	34.16	2.30	.42
	Total	90	34.76	4.00	.42