The comparative effect of group dynamic assessment (GDA) and computerized dynamic assessment (C-DA) on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ speaking complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF)

Language Testing in Asia

Table 5 Results of the Scheffe post hoc test for comparing GDA, C-DA, and N-DA mean scores on the speaking accuracy post-test

(I) Groups	(J) Groups	Mean difference (I–J)	Std. error	Sig.	95% confidence interval
(I) Groups	(J) Groups	Mean difference (I–J)	Std. error	Sig.	Lower bound	Upper bound
GDA	C-DA	−.56	1.87	.95	−5.23	4.10
GDA	NDA	20.06	1.87	.00	15.39	24.73
C-DA	GDA	.56	1.87	.95	−4.10	5.23
C-DA	NDA	20.63	1.87	.00	15.96	25.30
NDA	GDA	−20.06	1.87	.00	−24.73	−15.39
NDA	C-DA	−20.63	1.87	.00	−25.30	−15.96