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Table 4 DIF statistics for the reading comprehension test in terms of learners’ gender

From: Reading comprehension test fairness across gender and mode of learning: insights from IRT-based differential item functioning analysis

Item

Female

Male

Difficulty contrast (S. E.)

Weltch t

Weltch Prob

Difficulty (S.E.)

Difficulty (S. E.)

1

−1.06(.11)

−1.27(.24)

.20(.26)

.76

.44

2

−.36(.10)

−.79(.22)

.42(.25)

1.71

.08

3

−.85(.11)

−.85(.23)

.00(.25)

.00

1.0

4

−.52(.11)

−.19(.22)

−.32(.24)

−1.35

.18

5

.51(.11)

.38(.22)

.13(.25)

.50

.61

6

.41(.11)

.37(.22)

.04(.25)

.18

.86

7

.52(.11)

.33(.22)

.19(.25)

.76

.44

8

−.07(.11)

.14(.22)

−.21(.25)

−.86

.39

9

−.39(.11)

−.15(.22)

−.24(.24)

−1.00

.31

10

.26(.11)

.34(.22)

−.08(.25)

−.32

.74

11

.20(.11)

.23(.22)

−.03(.25)

−.11

.90

12

.27(.11)

.11(.22)

.16(.25)

.65

.51

13

−1.33(.11)

−1.46(.25)

.14(.27)

.50

.61

14

−.01(.11)

.02(.22)

−.03(.24)

−.12

.90

15

.04(.11)

.63(.23)

−.60(.26)

−2.33

.02

16

.44(.11)

.14(.22)

.30(.25)

1.22

.22

17

.64(.12)

.74(.24)

−.11(.26)

−.41

.68

18

−.90(.11)

−1.12(.23)

.21(.26)

.83

.40

19

−.26(.11)

−.39(.22)

.14(.25)

.56

.57

20

.98(.13)

1.27(.26)

−.28(.29)

−.97

.33

21

.87(.12)

.46(.23)

.41(.26)

1.58

.11

22

.33(.11)

.10(.22)

.23(.25)

.91

.36

23

.32(.11)

.16(.22)

.15(.25)

.60

54

24

1.35(.14)

1.05(.25)

.30(.29)

1.06

.29

25

−.36(.11)

−.60(.22)

.24(.25)

.98

.32

26

−.33(.11)

−.09 (.23)

−.24(.25)

−.95

.34

27

−1.07(.11)

−.83(.23)

−.24(.25)

−.96

.34

28

−.54(.11)

.09(.22)

−.63(.25)

−2.53

.01

29

.60(.12)

.71(.24)

−.11(.27)

−.42

.67

30

.37(.11)

.37(.23)

.00(.26)

.00

1.0