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Table 7 Items corresponding to the effect of test-takers factor

From: Designing and validating a scale for evaluating the sources of unreliability of a high-stakes test

Item

 

Mean

SD

11

I could not answer some items because they were too difficult for me

3.82

.95

12

I was tired since the exam was too long and boring

3.64

1.16

16

I was stressed because the exam date was postponed several times.a

3.58

1.16

10

I was overloaded by the large number of sources introduced for the exam

3.55

1.04

14

I was anxious due to the annual exam time

3.55

1.02

3

I was afraid of the negative points and left many items unanswered

3.50

1.21

7

Some test-takers were privileged at the cost of decreasing the chance of other test-takers

3.40

1.01

15

I was stressed as some candidates left the exam early

3.39

1.20

9

Test-takers are demotivated because of the high tuition of the universities

3.38

.99

13

I was tired due to the long exam duration

3.32

1.18

2

I was really anxious and I did not perform well on the test

3.00

1.24

8

The large number of test-takers made me disappointed whether I had the opportunity to be accepted

2.98

1.20

6

I was not well prepared since I did not know how to get ready for the test

2.95

1.25

4

I was afraid of competing with more competent test-takers

2.90

1.24

5

I was not well prepared because I could not afford paying the preparation classes

2.64

1.17

1

I was not in a good physical condition (e.g., I had a headache)

2.61

1.18

  1. aThis happened due to the COVID-19 pandemic