Table 1 Descriptive statistics for the VELC Test® used as a placement test (N = 4407)
From: Validity argument for the VELC Test® score interpretations and uses
Section | k | M | SD | Min | Max | Skewness | Kurtosis | α | SEM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Vocabulary listening | 20 | 13.37 | 3.23 | 0 | 20 | -.44 | .08 | .70 | 1.77 |
2. Word identifying listening | 20 | 9.87 | 3.72 | 0 | 20 | .26 | -.71 | .74 | 1.90 |
3. Listening comprehension | 20 | 10.27 | 3.16 | 0 | 20 | .15 | -.07 | .59 | 2.07 |
4. Vocabulary | 20 | 15.19 | 3.49 | 1 | 20 | −1.12 | .87 | .81 | 1.52 |
5. Grammar structure | 20 | 14.03 | 3.77 | 0 | 20 | -.58 | -.24 | .78 | 1.77 |
6. Reading comprehension | 20 | 11.51 | 4.06 | 0 | 20 | -.16 | -.68 | .78 | 1.90 |
Total | 120 | 72.24 | 17.00 | 22 | 120 | -.35 | -.25 | .93 | 4.50 |