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Language Testing in Asia

Table 4 Estimated variance components

From: Developing a scoring rubric for L2 summary writing: a hybrid approach combining analytic and holistic assessment

Sources of variance

Estimated variance components

p × i

0.184 (25.4%)

p × r

0.138 (19.1%)

p

0.111 (15.4%)

i × r

0.045 (6.3%)

i

0.025 (3.4%)

r

0.000 (0.0%)

p × r × i (residual)

0.220 (30.4%)

  1. Note: p is the object of measurement (here, student summaries), i is the items (here, dimensions), and r is the raters. Except for the residual, the variance components are arranged from largest to smallest. The sum of the percentages in parentheses is 100%
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