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Language Testing in Asia

Table 7 Moderated mediation analysis: point estimates and SIE comparison within each grade

From: A moderated mediation analysis of the relationship between a high-stakes English test and test takers’ extracurricular English learning activities

Grade

Point estimate of the indirect effect

SIE comparison

Total indirect effect

SIE 1

SIE 2

SIE 3

SIE1–SIE2

SIE1–SIE3

SIE2–SIE3

1

.409***

.028 (ns)

.009 (ns)

.373***

.019 (ns)

− .345*

− .364***

2

.428***

.112 (ns)

.090 (ns)

.226***

.022 (ns)

− .114 (ns)

− .136 (ns)

3

.563***

.335***

.098 (ns)

.130***

.237 (ns)

.205*

− .032 (ns)

  1. Note: 5000 bootstrap samples. N = 463. SIE 1,  TPN→PSE-SRL→TEELA; SIE 2, TPN→PSE-AA→TEELA; SIE 3, TPN→PSE-SRL→PSE-AA→TEELA
  2. * p < .0, *** p < .001
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