Table 1 Participants’ background information

Nationality

American (Karen, James)

2

Irish (Nathon)

1

South African (Daniel, Luan)

2

Nigerian (Ahmad, Emem)

2

Filipino (Alfonso and Louise)

2

Saudi (Turki)

1

Jordanian (Ahyam)

1

Pakistani (Tahira)

1

Educational background

Doctoral degree

4

Master’s degree

6

Bachelor degree (English major)

2

Teaching experience

0–5 years

1

6–10 years

4

11–15 years

4

16–20 or more than 20 years

3

Professional qualification/training in assessment and testing

Basic

7

Advanced

3

None

2