Table 6 The participants’ own ideas on oral fluency

1

Speed rate (speaking without hesitation) and utterance length (within appropriate time) could be factors for assessing how that speaker is fluent in terms of oral ability. Besides, sub-factors such as wide range of lexical resources used and dazzling intonation/accent need considering.

2

Oral fluency needs the confidence because of communicating with others face to face.

3

A fluent speaker is a person who can speak fluently.

4

Oral fluency happens when a speaker who can confidently say what he or she thinks without faltering.

5

I think an oral fluency can speak fluently although they do not have enough vocabulary.

6

Fluent speaker is one who does not need to speak too quickly, but speaks at the right pace, interrupts at the right place, speaks freely.

7

Oral fluency happens when a speaker has confidence while speaking.

8

Fluency is when no words or little vocabulary are available; we can finish the conversation and be less inhibited when we speak.

9

Oral fluency happens when a speaker can express their words with actions to make them understood by the listeners.

10

Oral fluency happens when a speaker can speak freely about all topics.

11

I personally think that oral fluency is described as linguistic competences of speakers.

12

Speaking fluently is not necessarily the right topic.

13

Oral fluency happens when a speaker can speak freely and easy to understand.

14

I think the best way to speak is to speak fluently, with correct grammar, correct pronunciation and correct vocabulary.

15

In my opinion, oral fluency happens when a speaker can make the listener understand what he wants to provide.

16

I think a fluent speaker needs confidence.

17

Oral fluency is someone who can confidently talk about any topic in front of people

18

Oral fluency happens when a speaker can communicate confidently.

19

A fluent speaker is a person of fast reaction, with confidence, and with impression.

20

Oral fluency happens when a speaker can easily express their ideas. = freely

21

Oral fluency means you can apply what you have learned into practice naturally.

22

Ability to use idiom/ phrasal verbs or slang suitably and naturally when speaking