Portfolio vs. summative assessment: impacts on EFL learners’ writing complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF); self-efficacy; learning anxiety; and autonomy

Language Testing in Asia

Table 2 Inferential statistics (accuracy pre-test of both groups)

		Levene’s test for equality of variances		t-test for equality of means
		F	Sig.	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean difference	Std. error difference
Score	Equal variances assumed	.38	.53	−.24	58	.80	−.10	.40
Score	Equal variances not assumed			-.24	57.35	.80	−.10	.40