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Language Testing in Asia

Table 27 Inferential statistics (learner autonomy pre-test of both groups)

From: Portfolio vs. summative assessment: impacts on EFL learners’ writing complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF); self-efficacy; learning anxiety; and autonomy

 

Levene’s test for equality of variances

t-test for equality of means

F

Sig.

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean difference

Std. error difference

Score

Equal variances assumed

3.13

.08

1.31

58

.19

2.43

1.84

Equal variances not assumed

  

1.31

54.31

.19

2.43

1.84

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