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Language Testing in Asia

Table 6 Fluency pre-test descriptive statistics

From: Portfolio vs. summative assessment: impacts on EFL learners’ writing complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF); self-efficacy; learning anxiety; and autonomy

Group

N

Mean

Std. deviation

Std. error mean

Score

CG

30

9.53

1.30

.23

EG

30

9.93

1.36

.24

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