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Table 2 The results of Kolmogorov–Smirnov test

From: Advancing learning-oriented assessment (LOA): mapping the role of self-assessment, academic resilience, academic motivation in students’ test-taking skills, and test anxiety management in Telegram-assisted-language learning

Instrument

Subfactors

Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z

Asymp. sig. (2-tailed)

The Core of Self-assessments Questionnaire (SAQ)

Perceived happiness

0.430

0.993

Empathy

0.608

0.854

Sociability

0.824

0.505

Persistence

0.561

0.912

Self-regulation

1.172

0.128

The Academic Resilience Scale

(ARS)

0.775

0.585

Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS)

Before-Test

0.926

0.358

Time Management

1.152

0.140

During-Test

0.918

0.368

After-Test

1.136

0.152

Test-Taking Skills Scale (T-TSS)

Incapacity

0.777

0.581

Worry and Dread

1.305

0.066

Test Anxiety Scale

TAS

0.677

0.750