The comparative impacts of portfolio-based assessment, self-assessment, and scaffolded peer assessment on reading comprehension, vocabulary learning, and grammatical accuracy: insights from working memory capacity

Language Testing in Asia

Table 12 Pairwise comparisons

Dependent variable	(I) WM	(J) WM	Mean difference (I-J)	Std. error	Sig	95% Confidence interval for difference
Dependent variable	(I) WM	(J) WM	Mean difference (I-J)	Std. error	Sig	Lower bound	Upper bound
Vocabulary pretest score	High	Low	− .301	.272	.271	− .840	.238
Vocabulary pretest score	Low	High	.301	.272	.271	− .238	.840
Vocabulary post-test score	High	Low	2.616	.623	.000	1.383	3.849
Vocabulary post-test score	Low	High	− 2.616	.623	.000	− 3.849	− 1.383