The comparative impacts of portfolio-based assessment, self-assessment, and scaffolded peer assessment on reading comprehension, vocabulary learning, and grammatical accuracy: insights from working memory capacity

Language Testing in Asia

Table 3 Descriptive statistics

	Condition	WM	Mean	Std. deviation	N
Reading pretest score	Portfolio assessment	High	2.937	1.340	16
		Low	3.500	1.224	14
		Total	3.200	1.297	30
	Self-assessment	High	3.000	1.358	14
		Low	3.375	1.147	16
		Total	3.200	1.242	30
	Peer assessment	High	3.055	1.349	18
		Low	2.764	1.251	17
		Total	2.914	1.291	35
	Control	High	3.076	1.320	13
		Low	3.058	1.028	17
		Total	3.066	1.142	30
	Total	High	3.016	1.310	61
		Low	3.156	1.171	64
		Total	3.088	1.237	125
Reading post-test score	Portfolio assessment	High	11.125	4.209	16
		Low	8.928	3.604	14
		Total	10.100	4.028	30
	Self-assessment	High	10.000	5.023	14
		Low	8.687	2.868	16
		Total	9.300	4.001	30
	Peer assessment	High	14.888	4.701	18
		Low	7.705	5.108	17
		Total	11.400	6.049	35
	Control	High	3.692	1.548	13
		Low	3.941	1.519	17
		Total	3.833	1.510	30
	Total	High	10.393	5.710	61
		Low	7.218	4.001	64
		Total	8.768	5.143	125