The comparative impacts of portfolio-based assessment, self-assessment, and scaffolded peer assessment on reading comprehension, vocabulary learning, and grammatical accuracy: insights from working memory capacity

Language Testing in Asia

Table 8 Descriptive statistics

	Condition	WM	Mean	Std. deviation	N
Vocabulary pretest score	Portfolio assessment	High	3.187	1.600	16
		Low	3.785	2.044	14
		Total	3.466	1.814	30
	Self-assessment	High	3.214	1.625	14
		Low	3.812	1.558	16
		Total	3.533	1.591	30
	Peer assessment	High	3.277	1.447	18
		Low	3.235	1.200	17
		Total	3.257	1.313	35
	Control	High	3.538	1.391	13
		Low	3.588	1.175	17
		Total	3.566	1.250	30
	Total	High	3.295	1.487	61
		Low	3.593	1.487	64
		Total	3.448	1.488	125
Vocabulary post-test score	Portfolio assessment	High	11.375	3.896	16
		Low	9.214	3.533	14
		Total	10.366	3.828	30
	Self-assessment	High	10.571	4.847	14
		Low	9.312	2.242	16
		Total	9.900	3.679	30
	Peer assessment	High	15.333	3.613	18
		Low	8.352	4.581	17
		Total	11.942	5.379	35
	Control	High	3.769	1.535	13
		Low	3.705	1.649	17
		Total	3.733	1.574	30
	Total	High	10.737	5.479	61
		Low	7.546	3.919	64
		Total	9.104	4.990	125