The development of reading comprehension ability of Chinese Heritage Language (CHL) learners in Indonesia

Language Testing in Asia

Table 1 Descriptive statistical analysis

	M	SD	Range	95% CI
Total
OK	2.90	2.02	0–6	2.66, 3.14
VK	2.58	2.35	0–6	2.30, 2.86
SA	2.08	3.42	0–6	1.86, 2.30
DC	1.74	1.54	0–5	1.56, 1.93
Early adolescence
OK	3.08	2.13	0–6	2.54, 3.62
VK	2.24	2.16	0–6	1.69, 2.79
SA	1.95	2.89	0–6	1.52, 2.38
DC	1.69	1.52	0–5	1.31, 2.08
Late adolescence
OK	2.21	1.70	0–6	1.89, 2.52
VK	1.64	1.96	0–6	1.28, 2.01
SA	1.64	1.75	0–6	1.32, 1.97
DC	1.39	1.41	0–4	1.13, 1.65
Adult group
OK	3.59	2.06	0–6	3.18, 4.00
VK	3.89	2.29	0–6	3.43, 4.35
SA	2.66	1.90	0–6	2.28, 3.05
DC	2.18	1.62	0–5	1.86, 2.51

OK Orthographic knowledge, VK Vocabulary knowledge, SA Syntactic awareness, DC Discourse comprehension