Computer-delivered vs. face-to-face score comparability and test takers’ perceptions: The case of the two English speaking proficiency tests for Vietnamese EFL learners

Language Testing in Asia

Table 6 Ranks of test scores in the VSTEP.2 Speaking test in the computer-delivered and face-to-face modes

		n	Mean rank	Sum of ranks
Grammar f2f-C	Negative ranks	17	15.00	255.00
	Positive ranks	12	15.00	180.00
	Ties	46
	Total	75
Pronunciation f2f-C	Negative ranks	9	11.22	101.00
	Positive ranks	13	11.69	152.00
	Ties	53
	Total	75
Vocabulary f2f-C	Negative ranks	18	16.50	297.00
	Positive ranks	12	14.00	168.00
	Ties	45
	Total	75
Fluency f2f-C	Negative ranks	15	17.63	264.50
	Positive ranks	17	15.50	263.50
	Ties	43
	Total	75
Content development f2f-C	Negative ranks	32	21.56	690.00
	Positive ranks	9	19.00	171.00
	Ties	34
	Total	75
Communication strategies f2f-C	Negative ranks	16	14.34	229.50
	Positive ranks	11	13.50	148.50
	Ties	48
	Total	75
Total scores f2f-C	Negative ranks	33	33.26	1097.50
	Positive ranks	27	27.13	732.50
	Ties	15
	Total	75